ELISA. Western Blot: This antibody when used at an antibody concentration of 5-20 ng/mL will allow visualization of 100 ng/lane of TGF-beta. Successful use in neutralizing assay was reported by some researchers. As this method has not been verified by Acris Antibodies, the application was deleted from the database. This does not necessarily exclude the use in such procedure.
Reactivity
Human
Antibody Host
Mouse
Isotype
IgG1
Clonality
Monoclonal
Immunogen
TGF-β from human platelets
Specificity
Western blotting demonstrated that this antibody reacts with the dimeric (25 kDa) and monomeric (12.5 kDa.) forms of TGF-beta under both non-reducing and reducing conditions respectively. This antibody recognizes both human platelet-derived and recombinant TGF-beta in ELISA.
Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) has three isoforms (TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3) with similar functions. The cytokine is a homodimer linked by disulfide bind. Inside cells, the cytokine forms a small latent complex with latent associated peptide (LAP). This small complex binds to latent TGF-β binding protein (LTBP) to be secreted to extra-cellular matrix. Disassociation of the latent proteins from TGF-β results in the release of the cytokine to its receptor. The process is called activation, which can be influenced by various factors, including proteases, metalloproteases, extreme pH, mild acidic condition, reactive oxygen species and integrins. TGF-β is an anti-proliferation factor in normal cells. It increases the synthesis of p15 and p21, which can block the cyclin: CDK complex, and causes cells to stop at G1 phase. The cytokine can induce apoptosis through both SMAD and DAXX pathways. In cancer cells, TGF-β signaling is altered and TGF-β no longer stops cell proliferation.
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