Kdo2-Lipid A ((3-Deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid)2-Lipid A)

Referencia 044977-1mg

embalaje : 1mg

Marca : US Biological

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Teléfono : +1 850 650 7790


044977 Kdo2-Lipid A ((3-Deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid)2-Lipid A)

Grade
Purified
Shipping Temp
Blue Ice
Storage Temp
4°C Do not freeze

Defined substructure of the Re mutant of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Strong activator (<10ng/ml) of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). Does not activate TLR2 or other TLRs as determined with splenocytes and macrophages from TLR4 deficient mice. No further re-extraction required.

Source:
Isolated and purified from E. coli K12 heptose-deficient strain WBB06 (Re mutant) [1] by a modification of the PCP extraction method [2,3], converted to the uniform sodium salt form [4] and dissolved in sterile pyrogen-free double distilled water.

Synonyms:
(3-Deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid)2-Lipid A

CAS No:
123621-04-5 (free base)

Molecular Formula:
C110H198N2Na4O39P2

Molecular Weight:
2326.70

Appearance:
Supplied as a sterile, ready-to-use clear, colorless solution in pyrogen-free double distilled water.

Purity:
Absence of detectable protein or DNA contaminants with agonistic TLR activity.

Concentration:
~0.5mg/ml

Storage and Stability:
May be stored at 4°C. Do not freeze. Stable for 6 months after receipt.

Handling:
Keep sterile. Do not ingest. Wear gloves and mask. Avoid contact through all modes of exposure. Avoid inhalation and prevent from entering the bloodstream. Use must be restricted to qualified
personnel.

Important Note:
This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications without the expressed written authorization of United States Biological.

Toxicity and Hazards: 
All products should be handled by qualified personnel only, trained in laboratory procedures.

Applications
Source: E. coli|Purity: Absence of detectable protein or DNA contaminants with agonistic TLR activity.|Concentration: ~0.5mg/ml|Form: Supplied as a sterile, ready-to-use clear, colorless solution in pyrogen-free double distilled water.||Important Note: This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications without the expressed written authorization of United States Biological.
Form
Supplied as a sterile, ready-to-use clear, colorless solution in pyrogen-free double distilled water.
Purity
Absence of detectable protein or DNA contaminants with agonistic TLR activity.
References
1.Kdo2-Lipid A of Escherichia coli, a defined endotoxin that activates macrophages via TLR-4: C.R. Raetz, et al.; J. Lipid Res. 47, 1097 (2006) 2. Aggregation behavior of an ultra-pure lipopolysaccharide that stimulates TLR-4 receptors: H. Sasaki & S.H. White; Biophys. J. 95, 986 (2008)3. TLR-4 mediated group IVA phospholipase A(2) activation is phosphatidic acid phosphohydrolase 1 and protein kinase C dependent: A. Grkovich, et al.; BBA 1791, 975 (2009) 4.Subcellular organelle lipidomics in TLR 4-activated macrophages: A.Y. Andreyev, et al.; J. Lipid Res. 51, 2785(2010) 5.Spinal glial TLR4-mediated nociception and production of prostaglandin E and TNF: O. Saito, et al.; Br. J. Pharmacol. 160, 1754 (2010) 6.Low doses of lipopolysaccharide and minimally oxidized low-density lipoprotein cooperatively activate macrophages via nuclear factor kappab and activator protein-1- possible mechanism for acceleration of atherosclerosis by subclinical endotoxemia: P. Wiesner, et al.; Circ. Res. 107, 56 (2010) 7.NMR spectral mapping of Lipid A molecular patterns affected by interaction with the innate immune receptor CD14: S. Albright, et al.; BBRC 378, 721 (2009) 8.Kdo2-lipid A, a TLR4-specific agonist, induces de novo sphingolipid biosynthesis in RAW264.7 macrophages, which is essential for induction of autophagy: K. Sims, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 285, 28568 (2010) 9.ATF3 plays a key role in Kdo2-lipid A-induced TLR4-dependent gene expression via NF-?B activation: E.Y. Kim, et al.; PLoS One 5, e14181 (2010)

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