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Aristolochic acid A [313-67-7]

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Referencia NB-64-17155-1mL

embalaje : 1mLx10mM(inDMSO)

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Aristolochic acid A

(Synonyms: TR 1736, Aristolochic Acid I, Aristolochic Acid) Copy Product Info

Synonyms: TR 1736, Aristolochic Acid I, Aristolochic Acid

Catalog No. T2801 Copy Product Info

Purity: 99.97%

Aristolochic acid A is the main component of the plant extract aristolochic acids, primarily found in the herbaceous plants Aristolochia and Asarum. It significantly inhibits the activity of activator protein 1 (AP-1) and NF-κB, and downregulates the expression of the bladder cancer-associated BLCAP gene in human cells. It is commonly used to induce nephrotoxicity models.

Cas No. 313-67-7

For research use only—not for human use. No sales to individuals. Use as intended only.

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Purity:99.97%

Color:White to Yellow

Product Introduction

Aristolochic acid A AI Summary

Aristolochic acid A exhibits a diverse range of bioactivities. It has demonstrated growth inhibitory activity against a human cancer cell line in the NCI's anticancer drug screening program with a GI50 value of 883.0 nM and shows significant cytotoxicity in HEK293 cells with an EC50 value of 118340.0 nM. It also exhibits antispasmodic activity in guinea pig ileum by inhibiting electrically-induced smooth muscle contraction by 64.0% and acetylcholine-induced contraction by more than 100.0%. As an inhibitor of CDK2, it has an IC50 value greater than 20,000.0 nM, indicating low potency. The compound exhibits various inhibitory effects on enzymatic and molecular interactions, such as those related to MLL-related leukemias, tau fibril formation, Cytochrome P450 3A4, and several others. It enhances SMN2 splice variant expression, activates Nrf2, and shows inhibitory effects on ALDH1A1, uPA generation, Vif-A3F interactions, Glutaminase (GLS), Hepatitis C Virus (HCV), Pin1, TDP1, and PTHR. In addition, Aristolochic acid A exhibits anti-inflammatory activity in human neutrophils by inhibiting fMLP/CB-induced superoxide anion generation and elastase release with IC50 values greater than 10.0 ug/mL. It inhibits sodium fluorescein uptake in OATP1B3- and OATP1B1-transfected CHO cells at a concentration of 10 uM, with 107.62% and 76.91% inhibition respectively. Lastly, it shows mild antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and significant antifungal activity against Candida albicans, but lacks efficacy against several other bacterial and fungal strains..

Note: Summary generated by AI. Data source: ChEMBL

Bioactivity

Description	Aristolochic acid A is the main component of the plant extract aristolochic acids, primarily found in the herbaceous plants Aristolochia and Asarum. It significantly inhibits the activity of activator protein 1 (AP-1) and NF-κB, and downregulates the expression of the bladder cancer-associated BLCAP gene in human cells. It is commonly used to induce nephrotoxicity models.
Synonyms	TR 1736, Aristolochic Acid I, Aristolochic Acid
Disease Modeling Protocol	Aristolochic Acid Nephropathy (AAN) Model Modeling Mechanism： Aristolochic acid A (AAI) accumulates in proximal tubular epithelial cells (PTEC) via organic anion transporters (OATs); it is metabolized to produce aristolochic acid-nitrosamine ions, forming AA-DNA adducts, which can lead to gene mutations and cancer risk; it directly binds to and inhibits key enzymes in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, glycolysis, and mitochondrial respiration (IDH2, MDH2, PKM, ATP synthase, etc.), resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction and energy depletion; it activates oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and apoptosis pathways, accompanied by a reduction in peritubular capillaries and hypoxia, ultimately leading to renal tubular atrophy and renal interstitial fibrosis. Related Products： Aristolochic acid A (T2801) Modeling Method： Experimental Subject： Mice: 129/SvEv background (wild-type/WT, TNF PTKO, TNF DNKO); male; 8–12 weeks of age Dosage and Administration Route： ① Acute model: 5 mg/kg Aristolochic acid A, dissolved in physiological saline, intraperitoneal injection (i.p.), administered consecutively for 3 days, with tissue collection on day 4; ② Chronic model: 4 mg/kg Aristolochic acid A, intraperitoneal injection, every other day for 6 doses, tissue collection 5 weeks after final administration; ③ Intervention group (optional): 2.2 mg/kg pifithrin-α, Intraperitoneal injection, Single dose on day 1 for acute model, weekly for 3 doses in chronic model; Control treatment: equal-volume physiological saline administered intraperitoneally; all other procedures identical. Dosing Frequency and Duration Model： Acute model (Aristolochic acid A): Once daily for 3 consecutive days; Chronic model (Aristolochic acid A): Administered every other day for a total of 6 doses; Intervention group (pifithrin-α): Single administration in acute model (synchronised with acute model Day 1); weekly administration in chronic model, cumulative total of 3 doses; Control group: Administered at the same frequency as the corresponding model group Validation： 1. Functional Indicators: - Acute Model: Elevated serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN), upregulated NGAL (Lcn2) mRNA expression in renal tissue (p<0.05); - Chronic Model: Significantly elevated BUN (WT group 97±9 mg/dl vs TNF PTKO group 70±7 mg/dl, p<0.05), decreased creatinine clearance; 2. Molecular Indicators: - Inflammation and fibrosis: Upregulated expression of IL-1β, TGF-β1, Col1a1, FN1 mRNA and Col-I protein in renal tissue, significantly decreased in the TNF PTKO group (p<0.05); - Cell Cycle: Flow cytometry showed an increased proportion of PTEC cells in G2/M phase and a decreased proportion in G0/G1 phase; pifithrin-α could reverse this phenotype; - Regulatory Cell Death: Bax, Bcl2, p53, and RIP3 levels in renal tissue of the chronic model. Protein expression was upregulated (p<0.05); 3. Pathological indicators: - Acute model: PAS staining showed renal tubular necrosis, lumen dilation, and epithelial swelling (damage score of WT group was significantly higher than that of TNF PTKO group, p<0.05); - Chronic model: increased area of renal interstitial fibrosis, and significantly reduced degree of fibrosis in TNF PTKO group. Precautions： References：Wen Y,et,al. TNF- α from the Proximal Nephron Exacerbates Aristolochic Acid Nephropathy. Kidney360. 2024 Jan 1;5(1):44-56.

Chemical Properties

Molecular Weight	341.27
Formula	C₁₇H₁₁NO₇
Cas No.	313-67-7
Smiles	COc1cccc2c1cc([N+]([O-])=O)c1c(cc3OCOc3c21)C(O)=O
Relative Density.	1.571g/cm3

Storage & Solubility Information

Storage

Keep away from direct sunlight,Store under nitrogen,Store at low temperature Powder: -20°C for 3 years | In solvent: -80°C for 1 year Shipping with blue ice/Shipping at ambient temperature.

Solubility Information

DMSO: 9.13 mg/mL (26.75 mM), Sonication is recommended.

In Vivo Formulation

10% DMSO+40% PEG300+5% Tween 80+45% Saline: 1 mg/mL (2.93 mM), Sonication is recommended.

Please add the solvents sequentially, clarifying the solution as much as possible before adding the next one. Dissolve by heating and/or sonication if necessary. Working solution is recommended to be prepared and used immediately. The formulation provided above is for reference purposes only. In vivo formulations may vary and should be modified based on specific experimental conditions.

Solution Preparation Table

DMSO

	1mg	5mg	10mg	50mg
1 mM	2.9302 mL	14.6512 mL	29.3023 mL	146.5116 mL
5 mM	0.5860 mL	2.9302 mL	5.8605 mL	29.3023 mL
10 mM	0.2930 mL	1.4651 mL	2.9302 mL	14.6512 mL
20 mM	0.1465 mL	0.7326 mL	1.4651 mL	7.3256 mL

Note : The dilution table applies only to solid products. For liquid products, please calculate the stock solution based on the stated concentration and/or density.

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In Vivo Formulation Calculator (Clear solution)

Please enter your animal experiment information in the following box and click Calculate to obtain the stock solution preparation method and in vivo formula preparation method:

For example, if the intended dosage is 10 mg/kg for animals weighing 20 g , with a dosing volume of 100 μL per animal, and a total of 10 animals are to be administered, using a formulation of 10% DMSO+ 40% PEG300+ 5% Tween 80+ 45% Saline/PBS/ddH₂O , the resulting working solution concentration would be 2 mg/mL.

Stock Solution Preparation:

Dissolve 2 mg of the compound in 100 μL DMSO to obtain a stock solution at a concentration of 20 mg/mL . If the required concentration exceeds the compound's known solubility, please contact us for technical support before proceeding.

Preparation of the In Vivo Formulation:

1) Add 100 μL of the DMSO stock solution to 400 µL PEG300 and mix thoroughly until the solution becomes clear.

2) Add 50 µL Tween 80 and mix well until fully clarified.

3) Add 450 µL Saline,PBS or ddH₂O and mix thoroughly until a homogeneous solution is obtained.

This example is provided solely to demonstrate the use of the In Vivo Formulation Calculator and does not constitute a recommended formulation for any specific compound. Please select an appropriate dissolution and formulation strategy based on your experimental model and route of administration.

All co-solvents required for this protocol, includingDMSO, PEG300/PEG400, Tween 80, SBE-β-CD, and Corn oil, are available for purchase on the TargetMol website.

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Keywords

TR-1736TR1736NF-κBNFκBNF-kBNFkBAristolochic acid A

Related Tags: Aristolochic acid A chemical structure | Aristolochic acid A formula | Aristolochic acid A molecular weight