The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the interleukin 1 cytokine family. This cytokine is produced by activated macrophages as a proprotein, which is proteolytically processed to its active form by caspase 1. The encoded protein plays a role in thymocyte proliferation and is involved in the inflammatory response. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2015]

IL1B: Produced by activated macrophages, IL-1 stimulates thymocyte proliferation by inducing IL-2 release, B-cell maturation and proliferation, and fibroblast growth factor activity. IL-1 proteins are involved in the inflammatory response, being identified as endogenous pyrogens, and are reported to stimulate the release of prostaglandin and collagenase from synovial cells. Monomer. Belongs to the IL-1 family.

Protein type: Cytokine

Cellular Component: extracellular space; cell; extracellular region; intracellular; cytosol; vesicle; secretory granule

Molecular Function: protein domain specific binding; interleukin-1 receptor binding; cytokine activity; receptor binding

Biological Process: positive regulation of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor production; negative regulation of MAP kinase activity; positive regulation of JNK activity; positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process; negative regulation of glutamate secretion; activation of MAPK activity; positive regulation of apoptosis; positive regulation of interleukin-2 biosynthetic process; positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; germ cell programmed cell death; negative regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway; positive regulation of lipid catabolic process; positive regulation of glial cell differentiation; response to lipopolysaccharide; positive regulation of NF-kappaB import into nucleus; fever; positive regulation of membrane protein ectodomain proteolysis; response to carbohydrate stimulus; activation of NF-kappaB transcription factor; elevation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration; positive regulation of phagocytosis; positive regulation of T cell proliferation; positive regulation of astrocyte differentiation; neutrophil chemotaxis; positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade; positive regulation of heterotypic cell-cell adhesion; positive regulation of mitosis; interleukin-1 beta production; positive regulation of interleukin-6 production; social behavior; negative regulation of neuron differentiation; positive regulation of angiogenesis; positive regulation of cell division; positive regulation of transcription factor activity; positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; negative regulation of lipid metabolic process; leukocyte migration; sequestering of triacylglycerol; positive regulation of interleukin-6 biosynthetic process; positive regulation of JNK cascade; negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; positive regulation of stress-activated MAPK cascade; negative regulation of neurogenesis; positive regulation of interleukin-8 production; negative regulation of cell proliferation; negative regulation of lipid catabolic process; hyaluronan biosynthetic process; protein kinase B signaling cascade; lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway; regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade; inflammatory response; aging; cytokine and chemokine mediated signaling pathway; MAPKKK cascade; positive regulation of immature T cell proliferation in the thymus; response to ATP; memory; positive regulation of interferon-gamma production; positive regulation of chemokine biosynthetic process; positive regulation of prostaglandin secretion; positive regulation of fever; immune response; positive regulation of protein amino acid phosphorylation; regulation of insulin secretion