• Modeling Mechanism：

  Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 5000) (DSS) disrupts the tight junctions of the intestinal epithelium and damages the integrity of the mucosal barrier, causing intestinal flora imbalance, activating innate and adaptive immune responses, inducing neutrophil infiltration and the release of pro-inflammatory factors such as TNF-α and IL-6, ultimately leading to colonic mucosal congestion, edema, erosion and ulcer formation.

• Related Products：

  Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 5000) (T13647)

• Modeling Method：

  Experimental Subject：

  Mouse, C57BL/6J, Male, 6 weeks old

  Dosage and Administration Route：

  2.5% DSS aqueous solution (prepared with sterile water), sole drinking water source, ad libitum consumption

  Dosing Frequency and Duration Model：

  Initial 14-day adaptation period (gavage with corresponding reagent), followed by continuous drinking of 2.5% DSS for 7 days (total experimental period: 21 days)

• Validation：

  The colonic tissue showed mucosal erosion, inflammatory cell infiltration, and ulceration, and the colon length was shortened; the DAI score (weight loss, abnormal stool characteristics, and hematochezia) was significantly elevated; serum LPS and FITC-glucan levels were elevated, and intestinal permeability was increased; the expression of ZO-1, Occludin, and Claudin-1 in the colonic tissue was decreased; the levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and iNOS mRNA and protein in serum and colonic tissue were elevated, while the expression of IL-10 was decreased; the intestinal flora was disordered (the firmicutes/bacteroidota ratio was decreased, harmful bacteria such as Escherichia-Shigella and Helicobacter increased, and beneficial bacteria such as Akkermansia decreased); the expression of antioxidant-related genes and proteins such as Nrf2, HO-1, SOD, GPX4, and CAT was decreased.

*Precautions： All mice were anesthetized and sacrificed on day 22 after modeling (day 15 after the end of DSS administration), and serum, colon tissue, and fecal samples were collected simultaneously.

*References：Li Y, et,al. Mare milk and fermented mare milk alleviate dextran sulfate sodium salt-induced ulcerative colitis in mice by reducing inflammation and modulating intestinal flora. J Dairy Sci. 2025 Mar;108(3):2182-2198.