AZD2858 is a potent, orally active GSK-3 inhibitor, with IC50s of 0.9 and 5 nM for GSK-3α and GSK-3β, respectively, used in the research of fracture healing.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
AZD2858 Chemical Structure
CAS No. : 486424-20-8
This product is a controlled substance and not for sale in your territory.
Based on 9 publication(s) in Google Scholar
AZD2858 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in:
J Cell Physiol. 2019 Jan 26.
[Abstract]
Western blot analysis was used to confirm the total protein expression of β-catenin and AR in the LNCaP, DRCaP, BRCaP, and ERCaP cells treated with the wnt/β-catenin activator (AZD2858, 5 nM, 48 hr) or the wnt/β-catenin inhibitor (PNU74654, 129.8 μM, 48 hr).
AZD2858 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in:
J Cell Physiol. 2019 Jan 26.
[Abstract]
Western blot analysis was used to confirm the cytoplasmic and nuclear protein expression of β-catenin and AR in the LNCaP, DRCaP, BRCaP, and ERCaP cells treated with the wnt/β-catenin activator (AZD2858, 5 nM, 48 hr) or the wnt/β-catenin inhibitor (PNU74654, 129.8 μM, 48 hr).
AZD2858 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in:
J Biol Chem. 2016 Dec 2;291(49):25529-25541.
[Abstract]
Treatment of cells with AZD2858 leads to the induction of both PRC and c-MYC under conditions where the NRF-2α control is unaffected. Human log phase U2OS cells are plated and treated with either vehicle, the GSK-3 inhibitor, AZD2858, or with CCCP for 24 h. Total cell extracts are subjected to immunoblotting using rabbit anti-PRC(1047-1379), mouse anti-c-MYC, rabbit anti-pGSK-3α/β(Ser9/21), rabbit anti-GSK-3α/β or rabbit anti-NRF-2α as the control.
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GSK-3 GSK-3α GSK-3β
Description
AZD2858 is a potent, orally active GSK-3 inhibitor, with IC50s of 0.9 and 5 nM for GSK-3α and GSK-3β, respectively, used in the research of fracture healing.
IC50 & Target[4]
GSK-3α
0.9 nM (IC50)
GSK-3β
5 nM (IC50)
CDK5/p25
356 nM (IC50)
Haspin
366 nM (IC50)
CDK5/p35
387 nM (IC50)
DYRK2
491 nM (IC50)
CDK2/cyclin A
810 nM (IC50)
CDK1/cyclin B
1246 nM (IC50)
PIM3
1269 nM (IC50)
TLK2
1381 nM (IC50)
PKD2
2462 nM (IC50)
CDK2/cyclin E
3310 nM (IC50)
Aurora-A
4966 nM (IC50)
In Vitro
AZD2858 (1 μM) increases β-catenin levels after a short period of time in human osteoblast cells. AZD2858 inhibits GSK-3β dependent phosphorylation with an IC50 of 68 nM. AZD2858 (10 nM) has no effect on β-catenin levels[1]. AZD2858 increases TAZ expression and osterix expression both by 1.4-fold, with EC50 of 440 nM and 1.2 μM, respectively, in hADSC. AZD2858 also induces a marked increase in osteogenic mineralisation in hADSC[3]. AZD2858 (AR28) demonstrates from 70- to greater than 6000-fold selectivity over a panel of other kinases and an IC50 of 5 nM. AR28 inhibits GSK-3 in murine cells and indicates activation of the canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling cascade. AR28 (50, 10, and 1 nM) enhances the clonogenic ability of mesenchymal progenitors with osteogenic and adipogenic potential. AR28 (50 μM) also enhances the differentiation ability of mesenchymal progenitors to the osteogenic but not adipogenic lineage in vitro[4].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
AZD2858 Related Antibodies
In Vivo
AZD2858 (20 mg/kg) causes a dose-dependent increase in trabecular bone mass compared to control after a two-week treatment with a maximum effect[1]. AZD2858 exhibits a substantial effect on fracture healing. AZD2858 (20 mg/kg) causes an increase in cortical BMC of 9%, cortical area of 10%, and cortical thickness of 11% at 3 weeks in the non-operated right femur of rats[2]. AZD2858 (30 μmol/kg/day) alters the biomarkers of bone turnover with statistically significant increases in P1NP and decreases in TRAcP-5b seen from 3 days of treatment and onwards. AZD2858 demonstrates significant changes in serum bone turnover markers (P1NP and TRAcP-5b) and femur bone formation after only 7 days of daily dosing[3]. AZD2858 (AR28, 30 mg/kg, s.c.) stimulates an increase in an initial wave of mesenchymal progenitors with osteogenic and adipogenic potential and drives their differentiation to the osteogenic lineage in BALB/c mice. AR28 (30 mg/kg, s.c.) enhances the proliferation of committed hematopoietic progenitors and their differentiation to the osteoclast lineage but does not prevent an overall increase in bone mass[4].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage
Powder
-20°C
3 years
4°C
2 years
In solvent
-80°C
1 year
-20°C
6 months
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro:
DMSO : 12.5 mg/mL (27.56 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
Preparing Stock Solutions
ConcentrationSolventMass
1 mg
5 mg
10 mg
1 mM
2.2050 mL
11.0249 mL
22.0497 mL
5 mM
0.4410 mL
2.2050 mL
4.4099 mL
10 mM
0.2205 mL
1.1025 mL
2.2050 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
*Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.
For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day. The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Solubility: 1.25 mg/mL (2.76 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic
This protocol yields a suspended solution of 1.25 mg/mL. Suspended solution can be used for oral and intraperitoneal injection.
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μLDMSO stock solution (12.5 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Protocol 2
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 1.25 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μLDMSO stock solution (12.5 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
Dosage
mg/kg
Animal weight (per animal)
g
Dosing volume (per animal)
μL
Number of animals
Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
%
DMSO+
%
+
%
Tween-80
+
%
Saline
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO,
. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
, Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration:
mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution:
mg
drug dissolved in
μL
DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).
The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take
μL DMSO stock solution, add
μL .
μL , mix evenly, next add
μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add
μL Saline.
Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution
If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
[1]. Marsell R, et al. GSK-3 inhibition by an orally active small molecule increases bone mass in rats. Bone. 2012 Mar;50(3):619-27.
[Content Brief]
[2]. Sisask G, et al. Rats treated with AZD2858, a GSK3 inhibitor, heal fractures rapidly without endochondral bone formation. Bone. 2013 May;54(1):126-32.
[Content Brief]
[3]. Gilmour PS, et al. Human stem cell osteoblastogenesis mediated by novel glycogen synthase kinase 3 inhibitors induces bone formation and a unique bone turnover biomarker profile in rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2013 Oct 15;272(2):399-407.
[Content Brief]
[4]. Gambardella A, et al. Glycogen synthase kinase-3α/β inhibition promotes in vivo amplification of endogenous mesenchymal progenitors with osteogenic and adipogenic potential and their differentiation to the osteogenic lineage. J Bone Miner Res. 2011 Apr;26(4):811-21.
[Content Brief]
Kinase Assay
[3]
The potency of compounds at GSK-3β and cyclin-dependent protein kinase 2 (CDK2, kinase with closest homology to GSK-3β) is assessed using Z-LYTE™ Kinase assay kit in the presence of 7 and 80 μM ATP respectively. A ratiometric method is used to calculate the ratio of donor emission (445 nm) to acceptor emission (520 nm) after excitation of the donor fluorophore at 400 nm to quantitate the reaction progress. Kinase selectivity with AR79, AZD2858 and AZ13282107 are determined using the KinaseProfiler Service or University of Dundee Kinase. Over 80 different kinases are assessed at a single concentration of 1 or 10 μM of AR79, AZD2858 and AZ13282107. Concentration-inhibition 10-point curves to compounds that show activity are constructed to determine pIC50 estimations. Also, in some kinase assays these pIC50 estimations are converted to binding affinity values (pKi) using the Cheng-Prussoff equation to correct for the concentration of ATP used[3].
MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Animal Administration
[1]
Each rat is dosed orally with vehicle or AZD2858 using a plastic gavage tube. The dose volume is 10 mL/kg. The vehicle consists of deionized water adjusted to pH 3.5±0.1. Formulations are adjusted to pH 3.5±0.1. The doses are 0, 0.2, 2 or 20 mg/kg respectively and administered either twice daily (TD), once daily (OD), every other day (O/2D), or every fourth day (O/4D) for 14 days. In total, the protocol results in 13 groups with 8 animals in each group (104 animals). At 7 days after the start of the study, and again 2 days prior to the scheduled terminal necropsy, each animal is injected subcutaneously with a bicarbonate buffered calcein solution (8 mg/kg, 1 mL/kg)[1].
MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
References
[1]. Marsell R, et al. GSK-3 inhibition by an orally active small molecule increases bone mass in rats. Bone. 2012 Mar;50(3):619-27.
[Content Brief]
[2]. Sisask G, et al. Rats treated with AZD2858, a GSK3 inhibitor, heal fractures rapidly without endochondral bone formation. Bone. 2013 May;54(1):126-32.
[Content Brief]
[3]. Gilmour PS, et al. Human stem cell osteoblastogenesis mediated by novel glycogen synthase kinase 3 inhibitors induces bone formation and a unique bone turnover biomarker profile in rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2013 Oct 15;272(2):399-407.
[Content Brief]
[4]. Gambardella A, et al. Glycogen synthase kinase-3α/β inhibition promotes in vivo amplification of endogenous mesenchymal progenitors with osteogenic and adipogenic potential and their differentiation to the osteogenic lineage. J Bone Miner Res. 2011 Apr;26(4):811-21.
[Content Brief]
[1]. Marsell R, et al. GSK-3 inhibition by an orally active small molecule increases bone mass in rats. Bone. 2012 Mar;50(3):619-27.
[2]. Sisask G, et al. Rats treated with AZD2858, a GSK3 inhibitor, heal fractures rapidly without endochondral bone formation. Bone. 2013 May;54(1):126-32.
[3]. Gilmour PS, et al. Human stem cell osteoblastogenesis mediated by novel glycogen synthase kinase 3 inhibitors induces bone formation and a unique bone turnover biomarker profile in rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2013 Oct 15;272(2):399-407.
[4]. Gambardella A, et al. Glycogen synthase kinase-3α/β inhibition promotes in vivo amplification of endogenous mesenchymal progenitors with osteogenic and adipogenic potential and their differentiation to the osteogenic lineage. J Bone Miner Res. 2011 Apr;26(4):811-21.
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
*Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.
Optional Solvent
ConcentrationSolventMass
1 mg
5 mg
10 mg
25 mg
DMSO
1 mM
2.2050 mL
11.0249 mL
22.0497 mL
55.1244 mL
5 mM
0.4410 mL
2.2050 mL
4.4099 mL
11.0249 mL
10 mM
0.2205 mL
1.1025 mL
2.2050 mL
5.5124 mL
15 mM
0.1470 mL
0.7350 mL
1.4700 mL
3.6750 mL
20 mM
0.1102 mL
0.5512 mL
1.1025 mL
2.7562 mL
25 mM
0.0882 mL
0.4410 mL
0.8820 mL
2.2050 mL
AZD2858 Related Classifications
PI3K/Akt/mTORStem Cell/Wnt
GSK-3
Help & FAQs
Do most proteins show cross-species activity?
Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.
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