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> Ribavirin [36791-04-5]

Ribavirin [36791-04-5]

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Tamanho : 100mg

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Ribavirin (ICN-1229) is an antiviral agent against a broad spectrum of viruses including HCV, HIVl, and RSV. Ribavirin also has anti-orthopoxvirus and anti-variola activities.

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Ribavirin Chemical Structure

Ribavirin Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 36791-04-5

This product is a controlled substance and not for sale in your territory.

Based on 31 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Ribavirin:

  • Ribavirin-13C5 In-stock
  • Ribavirin (GMP) Obtenir un devis

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Description

Ribavirin (ICN-1229) is an antiviral agent against a broad spectrum of viruses including HCV, HIVl, and RSV. Ribavirin also has anti-orthopoxvirus and anti-variola activities.

In Vitro

Treatment of LPS-stimulated microglia with 5, 10 and 20 μM Ribavirin (ICN-1229) induces reduction of NO2 levels for 43% (p<0.05), 53% (p<0.05) and 59% (p<0.05), respectively. Ribavirin (ICN-1229) (10 mM) insignificantly decreases the cell surface area in non-stimulated culture, but significantly reduces cell surface area (by 32%, p<0.05) in LPS-stimulated microglia[3]. Ribavirin (ICN-1229) is active against DENV, with an EC50 of 3 μM in A549 cells, and combination of CM-10-18 with Ribavirin (ICN-1229) demonstrates a clear enhancement in the reduction of virus replication[4].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Ribavirin Related Antibodies
In Vivo

ALT, AST activities and bilirubin levels are significantly loared by administration of JAT in combination with interferon and Ribavirin (ICN-1229) (p<0.01). JAT, interferon or ribavirin alone with CCl4, livers appear to exhibit some liver protection against CCl4 as evident by the presence of normal hepatic cords, absence of necrosis and lesser fatty infiltration. Groups treated with JAT, Peg-interferon and Ribavirin (ICN-1229) separately or in combination shows reduction in the expression of TGF- β and Bax. In the group treated by triple combination of interferon, Ribavirin (ICN-1229), and JAT, the expression level of p53 is markedly reduced[1].
Ribavirin (ICN-1229) capsules (400 mg of ribavirin)-treated Wistar rats show a significant decrease in activin-A and significant increase in follistatin at the serum and liver levels. Ribavirin (ICN-1229) has strong antiviral activity only when ribavirin is combined with either IFN-α or Peg-IFN-α[2].
Ribavirin (40 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly improves the antiviral efficacy of CM-10-18 in mice. Ribavirin (ICN-1229) inhibits DENV virus infection in cultured cells, but it is ineffective in reducing viremia in monotherapy[4].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Essai clinique
Masse moléculaire

244.20

Formule

C8H12N4O5
CAS No.

36791-04-5
Appearance

Solid

Color

White to off-white

SMILES

O[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](N2N=C(C(N)=O)N=C2)O[C@@H]1CO
Livraison

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Stockage
Powder -20°C 3 years
4°C 2 years
In solvent -80°C 1 year
-20°C 6 months
Solvant et solubilité
In Vitro: 

H2O : 100 mg/mL (409.50 mM; Need ultrasonic)

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (409.50 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 4.0950 mL 20.4750 mL 40.9500 mL
5 mM 0.8190 mL 4.0950 mL 8.1900 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

  • Calculateur de molarité

  • Calculateur de dilution

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass
=
Concentration
×
Volume
×
Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

C1

×
Volume (start)

V1

=
Concentration (final)

C2

×
Volume (final)

V2

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (10.24 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (10.24 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

    Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.

For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly. It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  PBS

    Solubility: 110 mg/mL (450.45 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

g

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.
The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only.If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Pureté et documentation

Purity: 99.80%

COA (254 KB) LCMS (116 KB)

Instruction de manipulation (2659 KB)
Références

  • [1]. Abdel-Hamid NM, et al. Synergistic Effects of Jerusalem Artichoke in Combination with Pegylated Interferon Alfa-2a and Ribavirin Against Hepatic Fibrosis in Rats. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2016;17(4):1979-85.  [Content Brief]

    [2]. Refaat B, et al. The effects of pegylated interferon-α and ribavirin on liver and serum concentrations of activin-A and follistatin in normal Wistar rat: a preliminary report. BMC Res Notes. 2015 Jun 26;8:265  [Content Brief]

    [3]. Savic D, et al. Ribavirin shows immunomodulatory effects on activated microglia. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol. 2014 Dec;36(6):433-41  [Content Brief]

    [4]. Chang J, et al. Combination of α-glucosidase inhibitor and ribavirin for the treatment of dengue virus infection in vitro and in vivo. Antiviral Res. 2011 Jan;89(1):26-34  [Content Brief]

    [5]. Robert O Baker, et al. Potential antiviral therapeutics for smallpox, monkeypox and other orthopoxvirus infections. Antiviral Res. 2003 Jan;57(1-2):13-23.  [Content Brief]

Test cellulaire
[3]

The effect of Ribavirin (ICN-1229) on microglial cell viability is evaluated by the sulforhodamine B (SRB) chemosensitivity assay. Briefly, LPS-stimulated microglial cells are incubated for 48 h in the presence or absence of Ribavirin (ICN-1229). Afterward, the cells are fixed in 10% (w/v) trichloroacetic acid for 1 h at 4°C, rinsed in tap water and stained with 0.4% (w/v) SRB in 1% acetic acid (100 μL/well) for 30 min at room temperature (RT). The cells are then rinsed three times in 1% acetic acid to remove the unbound stain. The protein bound stain is extracted with 200 μL 10 mM Tris base (pH 10.5) per well. The optical density is read at 540 nm, with correction at 670 nm. The results are presented as percentage of the control (non-stimulated/untreated microglial cells), that is arbitrarily set to 100%.

MCE n'a pas confirmé de manière indépendante l'exactitude de ces méthodes. Ils sont pour référence seulement.
Administration animale
[4]

The in vivo efficacy experiments are largely performed, using a dengue viremia model in AG129 mouse (defective of both type I and type II interferon receptors). Each experiment contains 6 mice (7 to 8 week-old) per dosing group. The mice are challenged with DENV (serotype 2, TSV01 strain), at 5×106 pfu/mouse via i.p. injection. Imino sugars are dosed twice daily at 12 hr intervals, and ribavirin is dosed once daily, for 3 consecutive days post-infection. Blood samples are drawn 3 days post-infection for determination of plasma virus titer by plaque assay.

MCE n'a pas confirmé de manière indépendante l'exactitude de ces méthodes. Ils sont pour référence seulement.
Références

  • [1]. Abdel-Hamid NM, et al. Synergistic Effects of Jerusalem Artichoke in Combination with Pegylated Interferon Alfa-2a and Ribavirin Against Hepatic Fibrosis in Rats. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2016;17(4):1979-85.  [Content Brief]

    [2]. Refaat B, et al. The effects of pegylated interferon-α and ribavirin on liver and serum concentrations of activin-A and follistatin in normal Wistar rat: a preliminary report. BMC Res Notes. 2015 Jun 26;8:265  [Content Brief]

    [3]. Savic D, et al. Ribavirin shows immunomodulatory effects on activated microglia. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol. 2014 Dec;36(6):433-41  [Content Brief]

    [4]. Chang J, et al. Combination of α-glucosidase inhibitor and ribavirin for the treatment of dengue virus infection in vitro and in vivo. Antiviral Res. 2011 Jan;89(1):26-34  [Content Brief]

    [5]. Robert O Baker, et al. Potential antiviral therapeutics for smallpox, monkeypox and other orthopoxvirus infections. Antiviral Res. 2003 Jan;57(1-2):13-23.  [Content Brief]

  • [1]. Abdel-Hamid NM, et al. Synergistic Effects of Jerusalem Artichoke in Combination with Pegylated Interferon Alfa-2a and Ribavirin Against Hepatic Fibrosis in Rats. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2016;17(4):1979-85.

    [2]. Refaat B, et al. The effects of pegylated interferon-α and ribavirin on liver and serum concentrations of activin-A and follistatin in normal Wistar rat: a preliminary report. BMC Res Notes. 2015 Jun 26;8:265

    [3]. Savic D, et al. Ribavirin shows immunomodulatory effects on activated microglia. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol. 2014 Dec;36(6):433-41

    [4]. Chang J, et al. Combination of α-glucosidase inhibitor and ribavirin for the treatment of dengue virus infection in vitro and in vivo. Antiviral Res. 2011 Jan;89(1):26-34

    [5]. Robert O Baker, et al. Potential antiviral therapeutics for smallpox, monkeypox and other orthopoxvirus infections. Antiviral Res. 2003 Jan;57(1-2):13-23.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
H2O / DMSO 1 mM 4.0950 mL 20.4750 mL 40.9500 mL 102.3751 mL
5 mM 0.8190 mL 4.0950 mL 8.1900 mL 20.4750 mL
10 mM 0.4095 mL 2.0475 mL 4.0950 mL 10.2375 mL
15 mM 0.2730 mL 1.3650 mL 2.7300 mL 6.8250 mL
20 mM 0.2048 mL 1.0238 mL 2.0475 mL 5.1188 mL
25 mM 0.1638 mL 0.8190 mL 1.6380 mL 4.0950 mL
30 mM 0.1365 mL 0.6825 mL 1.3650 mL 3.4125 mL
40 mM 0.1024 mL 0.5119 mL 1.0238 mL 2.5594 mL
50 mM 0.0819 mL 0.4095 mL 0.8190 mL 2.0475 mL
60 mM 0.0683 mL 0.3413 mL 0.6825 mL 1.7063 mL
80 mM 0.0512 mL 0.2559 mL 0.5119 mL 1.2797 mL
100 mM 0.0410 mL 0.2048 mL 0.4095 mL 1.0238 mL

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

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Ribavirin Related Classifications

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Keywords:

Ribavirin36791-04-5RibasphereHCVRSVOrthopoxvirusAntibioticHepatitis C virusRespiratory syncytial virusInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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