Mammalian IL-6 is a multifunctional pro-inflammatory cytokine, which plays a major role in the regulation of immune responses, haematopoiesis and the induction of acute phase responses. The action of IL-6 occurs via the signal transducing receptor chain gp130 and the IL-6 receptor alpha chain is responsible for ligand binding. IL-6 is produced by a wide variety of cells including B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, monocytes/macrophages, fibroblasts and endothelial cells and has a widespread cellular effect, including B and T lymphocytes, hepatocytes and cells of the CNS. Studies relating to the properties of chIL-6 have been limited, but demonstrate that hepatocyte-stimulating factor (HSF), secreted by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages, induces fibronectin production in cultured chicken hepatocytes, and that HSF produced by LPS-treated fibroblasts, was neutralized by an antiserum to recombinant HuIL-6 (rHuIL-6). rHuIL-6 has also been shown as biologically active on chicken hepatocytes.
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