Hyocholic Acid [547-75-1]

Biological Activity

Hyocholic acid is a primary bile acid in pigs and other mammals. Hyocholic Acid promotes GLP-1 secretion via activating TGR5 and inhibiting FXR in enteroendocrine cells. Hyocholic acid is converted by gut microflora primarily to taurohyocholate and, to a lesser extent, taurocholic acid and tauro-β-muricholic acid in mice.

Hyocholic acid has low toxicity against human hepatoma HepG2 cells. HCA (25 and 50 μM, 24 h) upregulates proglucagon gene transcription in STC-1 and NCI-H716 cells. HCA (25 and 50 μM, 24 h) upregulates GLP-1 protein secretion in STC-1 and NCI-H716 cells.

Hyocholic Acid (20 mg/kg, p.o.) suppresses BA depletion-induced blood glucose increase in pigs. Hyocholic Acid (100 mg/kg/day, p.o.) improves serum fasting GLP-1 secretion and glucose homeostasis in diabetic mouse models.

Chemical Information

Molecular Weight	408.57
Formula	C24H40O5
CAS Number	547-75-1
Solubility (25°C)	DMSO 42 mg/mL
Storage	Powder          -20°C   3 years ;  4°C   2 years In solvent       -80°C   6 months ;  -20°C   1 month

References

[1] Wei Jia, et al. J Mol Cell Biol. Hyocholic acid and glycemic regulation: comments on 'Hyocholic acid species improve glucose homeostasis through a distinct TGR5 and FXR signaling mechanism'

[2] Xiaojiao Zheng, et al. Nat Commun. Hyocholic acid species as novel biomarkers for metabolic disorders

[3] Xiaojiao Zheng, et al. Cell Metab. Hyocholic acid species improve glucose homeostasis through a distinct TGR5 and FXR signaling mechanism

[4] Yunhuan Liu, et al. Hepatology. Probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG Prevents Liver Fibrosis Through Inhibiting Hepatic Bile Acid Synthesis and Enhancing Bile Acid Excretion in Mice

[5] Sama I Sayin, et al. Cell Metab. Gut microbiota regulates bile acid metabolism by reducing the levels of tauro-beta-muricholic acid, a naturally occurring FXR antagonist