Gum arabic [9000-01-5]

Gum Arabic is an orally active complex branched polysaccharide. Gum Arabic can be isolated from the Acacia senegal tree. Gum Arabic upregulates the expression of maturation markers (CD86, CD40, and CD54), promotes ERK1/2 phosphorylation, and inhibits Apoptosis. Gum Arabic exhibits antimalarial effects against Plasmodium berghei ANKA. Gum Arabic exhibits hepatoprotective, renal, and cardiovascular protective activities. Gum Arabic improves obesity. Gum Arabic is commonly used as a stabilizer and thickener. Gum Arabic can be used in the research of brain tumor imaging^{[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]}.

Gum arabic (0.5%; 24 h) upregulates the expression of maturation markers (CD86, MHCII, CD40, CD54) in mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DCs)^[6].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Gum arabic (100 g/L; p.o. via drinking water; 5 days) significantly reduces Acetaminophen (HY-66005)-induced hepatotoxicity in male Swiss albino mice^[1].
Gum arabic (2.5%-10.0%; p.o. via drinking water; 8 consecutive days) does not significantly alter the concentrations of free radical scavengers (GSH, AA, SOD) or lipid peroxidation in rats^[2].
Gum arabic (3-6 g/100 mL; p.o. via drinking water; 5 weeks) is not effective in reversing body weight decrease or reducing elevated creatinine and urea levels in rats with chronic renal failure (kidney remnant model)^[2].
Gum arabic (10%; p.o. via drinking water; starting 10 days before infection) slightly decreases parasitaemia and significantly extends the lifespan of SV129/J wild-type mice infected with Plasmodium berghei ANKA^[5].
Gum arabic (15% w/v; p.o. via drinking water; 4 weeks) mitigates Adenine-induced chronic kidney disease (CKD) in male CD1 mice by reducing duodenal inflammation, oxidative and nitrosative stress, and improving renal function (decreasing plasma urea, creatinine and urine albumin)^[8].
Gum arabic (15% w/v; p.o. via drinking water) ameliorates water-pipe smoke (WPS)-induced cardiovascular toxicity in C57BL/6 mice, including reducing thrombosis, lowering systolic blood pressure, inhibiting cardiac inflammation and oxidative stress, and preventing myocardial DNA damage and apoptosis ^[9].
Gum arabic (10% w/w; p.o. via diet; 12 weeks) suppresses high-fat diet-induced obesity in mice by reducing body weight, visceral adipose tissue (VAT) weight, blood glucose and plasma lipids (total cholesterol, LDL, VLDL), and regulating hepatic lipid metabolism-related genes^[10].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

200-300

9000-01-5

Solid

Off-white to light yellow

[Gum arabic]

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

-20°C, protect from light

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)

• [1]. Protective effect of arabic gum against acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in mice. Pharmacological Research. Volume 48, Issue 6, December 2003, Pages 631-635.

  [2]. Ali BH , et al. Biological effects of gum arabic: a review of some recent research. Food Chem Toxicol. 2009 Jan;47(1):1-8.  [Content Brief]

  [3]. Gilerovitch HG, et al. The use of electron microscopic immunocytochemistry with silver-enhanced 1.4-nm gold particles to localize GAD in the cerebellar nuclei. J Histochem Cytochem. 1995 Mar;43(3):337-43.  [Content Brief]

  [4]. Anderson D M W, et al. The safety of gum arabic as a food additive and its energy value as an ingredient: a brief review. Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, 1989, 2(3): 137-144.

  [5]. Ballal A, et al. Anti-malarial effect of gum arabic. Malar J. 2011 May 20;10:139.  [Content Brief]

  [6]. Xuan NT, et al. Stimulation of mouse dendritic cells by Gum Arabic. Cell Physiol Biochem. 2010;25(6):641-8.  [Content Brief]

  [7]. Zhang L, et al. Gum arabic-coated magnetic nanoparticles for potential application in simultaneous magnetic targeting and tumor imaging. AAPS J. 2009 Dec;11(4):693-9.  [Content Brief]

  [8]. Ali BH, et al. Gum arabic reduces inflammation, oxidative, and nitrosative stress in the gastrointestinal tract of mice with chronic kidney disease. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2020 Aug;393(8):1427-1436.  [Content Brief]

  [9]. Nemmar A, et al. Gum Arabic Ameliorates Impaired Coagulation and Cardiotoxicity Induced by Water-Pipe Smoke Exposure in Mice. Front Physiol. 2019 Feb 25;10:53.  [Content Brief]

  [10]. Ahmed A A, et al. Gum arabic suppressed diet-induced obesity by alteration the expression of mRNA levels of genes involved in lipid metabolism in mouse liver. Bioactive carbohydrates and dietary fibre, 2016, 7(1): 15-20.