Estrogen Receptor, beta (ES) (PE)

Estrogen receptors (ER) are members of the steroid/thyroid hormone receptor superfamily of ligand-activated transcription factors. Estrogen receptors, including ER-alpha and ER-beta, contain DNA binding and ligand binding domains and are critically involved in regulating the normal function of reproductive tissues. They are located in the nucleus, though some estrogen receptors associate with the cell surface membrane and can be rapidly activated by exposure of cells to estrogen. ER-alpha and ER-beta are differentially activated by various ligands. Receptor-ligand interactions trigger a cascade of events, including dissociation from heat shock proteins, receptor dimerization, phosphorylation and the association of the hormone activated receptor with specific regulatory elements in target genes. Evidence suggests that ER-alpha and ER-beta may be regulated by distinct mechanisms even though they share many functional characteristics.

Applications:
Suitable for use in FLISA, Western Blot, Immunofluorescence, Immunoprecipitation and Immunohistochemistry. Other applications not tested.

Recommended Dilution:
Immunofluorescence: 1-2ug/ml
Western Blot: 0.5-1ug/ml
Immunohistochemistry (Frozen & Formalin fixed paraffin embedded): 0.5-1ug/ml/30min @ RT
Immunoprecipitation: 1-2ug/500ug protein lysate
Optimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher.

Positive Control:
Ovarian, breast or prostate carcinoma

Storage and Stability:
Store product at 4°C in the dark. DO NOT FREEZE! Stable at 4°C for 12 months after receipt as an undiluted liquid. Dilute required amount only prior to immediate use. Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer. Caution: PE conjugates are sensitive to light. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial prior to removing the cap.

Note: Applications are based on unconjugated antibody.